There are a number of 'Moving Parts' on the railway of concern to the Signalling System.
The signalling system needs to 'know', with certainty, the physical positions of items including semaphore signals, track turnout parts, level crossing gates, traversers, and maybe other items.
"An assembly including any 'Moving Part' is to include a pair of position sensors, each with a single electrical logic switch output. This pair of electrical signals (a 2 bit binary code) provides sufficient information for the signalling system to read the status of the moving part as being in one of four possible states : -
This minimal interface will be sufficient to return unambiguous confirmation of position of single moving parts such as a gate, a semaphore signal etc.
Where mechanical locks or interlocks are used, these are in themselves separate 'moving parts' which will need to comply with the Moving Part Rule.